| 翻訳と辞書 |
| IUPAC polymer nomenclature ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
IUPAC polymer nomenclature
IUPAC Polymer Nomenclature are standardized naming conventions for polymers set by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and described in their publication "Compendium of Polymer Terminology and Nomenclature", which is also known as the "Purple Book".〔IUPAC. “(The Purple Book )”, RSC Publishing, (2008). Retrieved 2012-06-06.〕〔'Hiorns, R. C.; Boucher, R. J.; Duhlev, R.; Hellwich, K. -H.; Hodge, P.; Jenkins, A. D.; Jones, R. G.; Kahovec, J.; Moad, G.; Ober, C. K.; Smith, D. W.; Stepto, R. F. T.; Vairon, J. -P.; Vohlídal, J.; '(A Brief Guide to Polymer Nomenclature )' (retrieved 2013-03-03.; and ''Pure Appl. Chem.'' 84 (10): 2167–2169. DOI:10.1351/PAC-REP-12-03-05.〕 Both the IUPAC〔(IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry ). Retrieved 2012-06-06.〕 and Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) make similar naming recommendations for the naming of polymers.
== Basic Concepts ==
The terms polymer and macromolecule do not mean the same thing. A polymer is a substance composed of macromolecules. The latter usually have a range of molar masses (unit g mol−1), the distributions of which are indicated by dispersity (''Đ''). It is defined as the ratio of the mass-average molar mass (''M''m) to the number-average molar mass (''M''n) i.e. ''Đ'' = ''M''m/''M''n.〔Stepto, R. F. T.; Gilbert, R. G.; Hess, M.; Jenkins, A. D.; Jones, R. G.; Kratochvíl P. (2009). "(Dispersity in Polymer Science )" ''Pure Appl. Chem.'' 81 (2): 351–353. DOI:10.1351/PAC-REC-08-05-02.〕 Symbols for physical quantities or variables are in italic font but those representing units or labels are in roman font.
Polymer nomenclature usually applies to idealized representations meaning minor structural irregularities are ignored. A polymer can be named in one of two ways. Source-based nomenclature can be used when the monomer can be identified. Alternatively, more explicit structure-based nomenclature can be used when the polymer structure is proven. Where there is no confusion, some traditional names are also acceptable.
Whatever method is used, all polymer names have the prefix ''poly'', followed by enclosing marks around the rest of the name. The marks are used in the order: . Locants indicate the position of structural features, e.g., poly(4-chlorostyrene). If the name is one word and has no locants, then the enclosing marks are not essential, but they should be used when there might be confusion, e.g., poly(chlorostyrene) is a polymer whereas polychlorostyrene might be a small, multi-substituted molecule. End-groups are described with α- and ω-, e.g., α-chloro-ω-hydroxy-polystyrene.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「IUPAC polymer nomenclature」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|